Current VA guidelines, updated from one source.
One guideline source feeds every number in this block, and the block changes here when the source does. The terms shown are purchase terms; the refinance leverage, the seasoning rule, and the fee exemptions sit under the two tables.
100% financing with full entitlement
The purchase leverage is 100% loan-to-value with full entitlement, which means 0% down on a home that appraises at the price; a price above the appraised value is paid in cash or renegotiated, and the guaranty covers the lender’s exposure.
No monthly premium, no upfront premium
Mortgage insurance does not exist on a VA loan: no monthly premium, no upfront premium, no cancellation rules to track. The calculator below shows a payment with nothing in that line, which is where VA differs from every other high-leverage program.
First use; 3.3% after first use; exempt for many disabled veterans
The funding fee is a one-time charge of 2.15% on a first-use purchase with less than five percent down and 3.3% on later uses; it drops with a larger down payment, can be financed into the loan, and is waived for the exempt groups listed below.
Residual income decides the file
Two tests, one guideline: the total-debt ratio is measured against 41%, and residual income is measured against the West table below for the household’s size. VA tells lenders the residual-income test carries more weight, which is why a modest ratio does not approve a thin budget.
| Loan type | Use | Down payment | Fee |
|---|---|---|---|
| Purchase or construction | First use | less than 5% down | 2.15% |
| Purchase or construction | First use | 5% to 9.99% down | 1.5% |
| Purchase or construction | First use | 10% or more down | 1.25% |
| Purchase or construction | After first use | less than 5% down | 3.3% |
| Purchase or construction | After first use | 5% to 9.99% down | 1.5% |
| Purchase or construction | After first use | 10% or more down | 1.25% |
| Cash-out refinance | First use | Any | 2.15% |
| Cash-out refinance | After first use | Any | 3.3% |
| IRRRL | Any | Any | 0.5% |
| Manufactured home (not permanently affixed) | Any | Any | 1% |
| Loan assumption | Any | Any | 0.5% |
| Vendee loan | Any | Any | 2.25% |
| Family size | Residual income |
|---|---|
| 1 | $491 |
| 2 | $823 |
| 3 | $990 |
| 4 | $1,117 |
| 5 | $1,158 |
| Each additional member, up to seven | + $80 |
Exempt from the funding fee: veterans receiving VA compensation for a service-connected disability, those eligible for it but receiving retirement or active-duty pay instead, surviving spouses receiving Dependency and Indemnity Compensation, service members with a pre-discharge claim rating, and active-duty service members who have received the Purple Heart. VA sets no minimum credit score; the wholesale programs behind these pages start at a 580 decision score and serve loan amounts up to $4,000,000, including loans above the conforming limit with full entitlement.
Refinances: cash-out to 100% loan-to-value after seasoning of 210 days and six payments with a net tangible benefit; rate-reduction refinances of an existing VA loan at a 0.5% fee without a VA appraisal. Current VA snapshot · updated October 1, 2026 · owner-occupied principal residences, one to four units · no VA loan limit with full entitlement · loans are assumable · no prepayment penalty · Lendmire is not affiliated with the Department of Veterans Affairs.
For informational purposes only. This is not a commitment to lend or extend credit, an offer, or a quote. Program parameters shown are VA guidelines and wholesale lender overlays, are subject to change without notice, and every figure depends on the borrower, the entitlement, the property, the selected program, and full underwriting. Lendmire is a mortgage broker, not a lender, and is not affiliated with or endorsed by the Department of Veterans Affairs. Licensed in sixteen states for consumer mortgages. NMLS #2371349.
What a VA loan is — and how the file is qualified.
A VA loan is an ordinary mortgage from a private lender wrapped in a federal promise: if the loan fails, VA covers part of the lender’s loss. That promise is what lets a Big Sky lender skip the down payment and the mortgage insurance, and the four cards below take the file apart piece by piece.
For the program overview, see Lendmire’s VA loan program, or the statewide guide at VA Loans in Montana; to request a Certificate of Eligibility, see VA.gov.
The guaranty replaces the down payment
Because VA backs part of every loan, the lender’s risk on a Big Sky purchase is closer to a loan with a large down payment than to a high-leverage conventional loan. The program passes that difference to the borrower as no down payment, no mortgage insurance, and a cap on the fees a veteran can be charged.
Eligibility, entitlement, and the COE
Three questions settle eligibility on a Big Sky file: the service history, the character of discharge, and whether entitlement is full or partly in use. The COE answers all three. Surviving spouses, National Guard and Reserve members, and veterans with an earlier VA loan each have their own path to the certificate.
The funding fee, and who is exempt
What the funding fee buys is the absence of mortgage insurance. On a Big Sky purchase the fee is paid once, usually financed, while an FHA or conventional borrower at the same leverage pays a premium every month for years; the comparison usually favors VA unless the fee tier is high and the loan is short-lived, and an exempt veteran pays no fee at all.
Residual income over ratios
VA qualifies a household on what is left, not only on what is owed: residual income is the monthly income remaining after the proposed housing payment, other debts, taxes, and an allowance for maintenance and utilities, measured against a table by family size and region. A Big Sky family must meet the table for its size.
Nothing here is a decision. The appraisal can come in under the contract price, the rate is set by the lender at lock, and the lender’s residual-income figure includes deductions this page only approximates. What holds steady is the structure the calculator reproduces: price, fee, loan, payment, residual.
Where Big Sky’s veterans and service members buy — and how VA fits.
Residual income is measured against a real payment on a real Big Sky price, so the market matters before the file does. The Census figures below describe that market: ownership, home values, and household income.
Market context only. Income is the residual-income input, value is the loan and the fee, and family size is the row in VA’s table. The Census describes the first two for the market; the file supplies all three for the borrower.
Data sources: U.S. Census Bureau — ACS 5-Year (2024) housing and population estimates, including tenure, home values, gross rents, and household income.
Distinct Big Sky neighborhoods, distinct VA files.
Where Big Sky veterans actually shop, and what the file turns on in each place: the property type the VA appraiser sees, the approval it needs, and the price residual income has to carry.
Condominium projects
A Big Sky condominium is a VA purchase only in a VA-approved project, and resort projects with heavy rental use often are not approved. The lender settles the question before the appraisal, and submission for approval takes the association’s cooperation. Median household income in Big Sky sits near $138,805 on the latest Census estimate.
Year-round primary residences
A year-round Big Sky home is a VA purchase like any other: nothing down with full entitlement, no mortgage insurance, and residual income that clears the table. The occupancy rule simply excludes the second homes common in a resort market. About 16% of Big Sky’s households rent — roughly 173 renter households on the latest Census estimate.
Waterfront and view homes
Big Sky’s waterfront and view homes are harder to appraise, with fewer comparable sales and wider price ranges, and a VA file there needs the value supported on the Notice of Value and flood insurance in place where the home sits in a designated zone. The median owner-occupied home value in Big Sky runs near $1,137,900 on the latest Census estimate.
Workforce neighborhoods
Away from the water, Big Sky’s workforce neighborhoods are where the VA benefit is most at home: modestly priced homes, veterans who work in the resort economy, and loans well inside the residual-income table. On a home at Big Sky’s median value, a VA purchase with full entitlement needs no down payment at all — the funding fee on the full $1,137,900 is the program’s cost, and it can be financed.
Higher-value homes
On Big Sky’s higher-value primary residences the VA loan carries the price with nothing down when entitlement is full, up to the wholesale ceiling in the guidelines above; residual income at that payment is the test, and the credit floor is the lender overlay. Big Sky is home to about 2.4K people.
Second homes and vacation condominiums
Vacation property in Big Sky sits outside the program entirely, whatever the buyer’s eligibility. VA’s leverage and the guaranty are reserved for the home the veteran lives in as a principal residence. Roughly 914 Big Sky households own their homes on the latest Census estimate — 84% of all households, the pool a VA purchase joins.
What the program accepts is the same everywhere in Big Sky: houses, condominiums in VA-approved projects, planned developments, manufactured homes that meet VA’s rules, and owner-occupied homes of up to four units. What it declines is also the same: second homes and investment property.
Four ways Big Sky veterans put the VA benefit to work.
VA is more than a first-purchase program: it refinances, it takes cash out, it finances small multi-unit homes, it buys condominiums in approved projects, and it reaches above the conforming limit with full entitlement. The cards below take up the uses that bring Big Sky veterans to it most often.
Buy above the conforming limit
A higher-priced Big Sky home is still a VA purchase: the guaranty backs a quarter of the whole loan with full entitlement, so a lender can waive the down payment on the whole amount. The county conforming figure only matters when entitlement is partly in use.
Refinance an existing VA loan
A Big Sky homeowner with an existing VA loan can refinance through VA’s rate-reduction refinance loan, known as the IRRRL or streamline: a small funding fee, no VA appraisal, limited documentation, and a net tangible benefit required. The lender checks the loan’s payment history.
Take cash out of a home with equity
Cash-out on VA is a full refinance of the first mortgage at the leverage in the snapshot, after the later of the seasoning period or the required payments, with the funding fee at the cash-out tier. A Big Sky owner weighs it against a home equity line, which keeps the existing first mortgage in place.
Buy a first home with nothing down
A Big Sky buyer with the income for the payment but not the cash for a down payment uses VA to purchase with nothing down, finances the funding fee, and keeps the savings for moving costs, reserves, and the first repairs on the home.
Estimate the VA payment on a Big Sky price before requesting a quote.
Before you ask for a quote, size the payment yourself: the Big Sky price, the fee tier, the term, the benchmark rate, and the escrows go in, and the funding fee table and the residual-income figures come from the same guideline source as the block above. The result is an estimate, and the rate is a published market average, not an offer.
Big Sky VA payment estimate
Price starts from a Big Sky value, with no down payment; fields update as you type.
Editable benchmark: 7.28% as of October 1, 2026 · Freddie Mac 30-year average via FRED®. A conventional market reference, not a VA loan quote.
Illustrative starting assumptions: a $1,140,000 price near Big Sky’s median owner-occupied home value, no down payment with full entitlement, a first-use funding fee financed into the loan, a thirty-year term at the current Freddie Mac benchmark, property taxes and insurance estimated for Montana (U.S. Census Bureau). Every field is editable.
Illustrative estimate only — not a Loan Estimate, approval, quote, or commitment to lend. The rate field carries the weekly Freddie Mac thirty-year conventional benchmark, a market reference and not a VA loan quote; your rate is set by the lender at lock. The funding fee follows VA’s published table for the use and down payment entered; the residual-income figure is VA’s guideline for the region and family size, and the rough residual shown subtracts only the housing payment and the debts entered, while VA also deducts taxes, maintenance and utilities. Taxes, insurance and dues are editable estimates; closing costs are not included. Licensed in sixteen states for consumer mortgages. Lendmire is not affiliated with or acting on behalf of the Department of Veterans Affairs.
Same veteran, three very different closings.
Choosing among VA, FHA, and conventional in Big Sky is really choosing an insurance structure and a down payment at the same time. Each is laid out below with the buyer it fits.
VA, FHA, or conventional.
No down payment with full entitlement, no mortgage insurance at any leverage, a one-time funding fee that can be financed or waived, residual-income underwriting, no loan limit with full entitlement, and a loan that can be assumed. The cost is the funding fee, and the condition is eligibility.
FHA’s leverage is high and its credit standard is forgiving, but its insurance never comes off a full-leverage thirty-year loan. A Big Sky veteran comparing the two sees the premium line in the FHA payment and nothing in that line on VA. See Lendmire’s FHA loan program.
Conventional is the comparison for a veteran with savings: with twenty percent down there is no mortgage insurance and no funding fee, and the payment can beat VA with a financed fee. Below that down payment, VA usually wins for a Big Sky buyer. See Lendmire’s conventional loan program.
Which program fits best depends on the borrower’s numbers once eligibility is known. VA can come out ahead with a COE and full entitlement, conventional can for a veteran with twenty percent down and no fee exemption, and FHA is the fallback where the benefit is unavailable. The comparison is run on the actual numbers, in writing.
What to prepare for a Big Sky scenario review.
What a lender reads on a Big Sky VA loan, and what you can have ready before anyone asks.
This is a general preparation guide, not a universal checklist. The selected lender may request additional information based on the transaction, the property, entitlement, and the income picture. Nothing here is legal or tax advice.
Local details that can change the loan.
The percentages tell only part of the story. What a Big Sky VA loan actually becomes depends on the certificate, the appraisal, and the credit report, and these are the details that move it.
Use these checks to keep the Big Sky file clean and fundable.
Before asking for a quote, know three answers: is entitlement full, does the fee apply and at what tier, and does the property fit VA’s standards at that price.
- Confirm the entitlement: the COE states the entitlement available; full entitlement carries no loan limit.
- Know the fee: the tier follows first or subsequent use and the down payment, as the funding fee table above shows.
- Plan the units: landlord experience or reserves may be required to count the rent.
Full or remaining entitlement
Entitlement is full on a first use, and it is restored when an earlier VA loan is paid off and the home sold; it is partial when an earlier VA loan is still outstanding or was lost to foreclosure. A Big Sky buyer with full entitlement has no loan limit; with remaining entitlement, the lender may require a down payment.
The funding fee tier and the exemptions
The fee depends on whether the benefit has been used before and on the down payment, and it is waived for veterans receiving compensation for a service-connected disability, surviving spouses receiving DIC, active-duty Purple Heart recipients, and service members rated before discharge. On a Big Sky file the tier is confirmed from the COE.
Two- to four-unit homes and rental income
A Big Sky fourplex with nothing down is possible under the program; the lender documents the rents, applies VA’s rules for counting them, and checks the property against VA’s requirements unit by unit. A loan officer runs the residual-income test before the offer.
Occupancy and the reasonable-time rule
A VA loan finances a principal residence: the veteran certifies an intent to occupy within a reasonable time after closing, which VA generally reads as a couple of months. The usual Big Sky exception is military life itself, where a spouse can occupy for a member on orders elsewhere.
The VA appraisal and the Notice of Value
When the value comes in under the contract price on a Big Sky file, VA’s process gives the appraiser a chance to weigh additional sales before the Notice of Value is final, and the escape clause lets the buyer walk away with the deposit if the gap cannot be closed. Repairs the appraiser requires are usually completed before closing.
From a Big Sky Certificate of Eligibility to keys in hand.
Underneath, the Big Sky process is any mortgage process; on top sit VA’s checks: the certificate, the property requirements, the project approval where it applies, and the residual-income test. Each step below says what happens and what the buyer does.
COE and pre-approval
Start with the Certificate of Eligibility, the income, and the household size. A Lendmire loan officer confirms the entitlement, the funding fee tier, the ratio, and the residual income, runs the VA structure against FHA and conventional on the same numbers, and provides the terms in writing.
Contract and appraisal
The Big Sky contract sets the price and the concessions; the appraisal sets the value and the condition. Both feed the loan amount, and the lender confirms the project approval and the wood-destroying insect inspection where VA requires one for the state before underwriting begins.
Underwriting
An automated approval still runs the residual-income test; a manual file is read against the guideline and the table. Either way, the Big Sky underwriter verifies the income, the assets, the credit history, and the property, and issues the approval with its conditions.
Closing
At closing the funding fee is added to the loan or paid, the escrows for taxes and insurance are set up, and there is no mortgage insurance to begin. A Big Sky buyer signs the note and the security instrument, certifies occupancy, and VA’s guaranty attaches to the loan.
A brokerage that puts the benefit to work.
The case for a brokerage on a VA loan is candor with numbers: VA beside conventional on the same inputs, the fee tier stated outright, the entitlement checked first, and the terms in writing.
Three programs, one set of numbers
A lender with one program sells that program; a brokerage with all three can say which fits. For a Big Sky veteran with full entitlement the answer is almost always VA; with a large down payment it can be conventional, and the arithmetic decides.
The fee and the entitlement explained before the offer
The certificate fixes two things a buyer should know before signing a contract: the funding fee tier and the entitlement available. Lendmire states both for the Big Sky purchase and explains the exemption and the refund rules where they apply.
Licensed, consumer-purpose, in writing
Lendmire is licensed in sixteen states for consumer mortgages, each loan is a consumer-purpose transaction with the full set of disclosures, and every figure a Big Sky buyer relies on, from the fee to the leverage to the final terms, comes in writing from a licensed loan officer.
Trusted by veterans & families alike.
Big Sky VA loan FAQs
Plain answers to the questions Big Sky veterans ask most about VA loans, in the order they usually ask them.
What is a VA loan, and who is it for?
A home loan benefit earned through military service. VA does not lend the money; it backs part of a loan a private lender makes, which is what allows the lender to waive the down payment and the mortgage insurance. It fits any eligible Big Sky buyer purchasing or refinancing a home they will live in.
Who is eligible for a VA loan in Big Sky?
Most veterans with an honorable or general discharge can qualify, as can current service members past the minimum period, Guard and Reserve members with enough qualifying service, and eligible surviving spouses. Other-than-honorable discharges can disqualify, and VA reviews them case by case.
How do I get a Certificate of Eligibility?
The lender is usually the fastest path, and VA.gov the next. The certificate shows available entitlement, prior use of the benefit, and any funding fee exemption, which is why a Big Sky loan officer wants it before sizing the loan.
What is the VA funding fee, and do I have to pay it?
It depends on your status. Disabled veterans receiving compensation and the other exempt groups pay no fee; other borrowers pay the tier in the snapshot, which is lower on a first use and with a larger down payment. Most Big Sky buyers finance it rather than pay cash.
Is there a VA loan limit in Big Sky?
There is no VA loan limit for a veteran with full entitlement; the lender’s own maximum loan amount, shown in the snapshot, is the practical ceiling. A Big Sky buyer with remaining entitlement should ask a loan officer how the county figure affects the file.
Do I have to live in the home to use a VA loan?
Yes, as a principal residence. A Big Sky service member on orders elsewhere can meet the rule through a spouse who occupies the home, and VA allows extra time for extended duty and for a veteran retiring within a year.
Can I take cash out with a VA refinance?
A VA cash-out refinance replaces the first mortgage with a larger VA loan at the leverage in the snapshot, after the seasoning rule and with a net tangible benefit. A Big Sky owner weighs it against a home equity line, which keeps the existing first mortgage in place.
What happens after my Big Sky offer is accepted?
The lender requests a VA-assigned appraiser, checks the seller concessions against VA’s cap, confirms the condominium approval if there is one and the funding fee tier from the certificate, and underwrites the file with residual income documented. At closing the fee is financed, paid, or waived, and the escrows are set up. How long it takes depends on the appraisal, any repairs it calls for, and the conditions underwriting adds.
What debt-to-income ratio does VA allow?
The ratio in the snapshot, with residual income as the deciding test. A Big Sky household above the ratio needs residual income well above the table for its size and region; a household under it still has to meet the table.
Do I need a down payment for a VA loan?
A VA purchase with full entitlement needs no down payment at all, and there is no mortgage insurance in exchange. The calculator shows the Big Sky payment both ways: nothing down at the base fee tier, or a down payment at the lower tier.
Run the Big Sky VA numbers, then get the terms in writing.
A Big Sky VA purchase starts with three questions: eligibility, the fee, and the price. Lendmire answers them, compares the programs, and writes up the one that fits.
This guide covers Big Sky — for the statewide guidelines, markets, and scenarios, see VA Loans in Montana, part of Lendmire’s VA loan program.
Nearby markets in Montana: Gardiner · Bozeman · West Yellowstone · Helena · Billings · Great Falls · Missoula · Whitefish
Related programs: Conventional Loans · FHA Loans · Jumbo Loans