Current VA guidelines, updated from one source.
What follows is VA’s own rulebook reduced to the handful of numbers that decide a file, pulled from Lendmire’s single guideline source and refreshed on this page whenever VA or the wholesale overlays move: leverage with full entitlement, the funding fee by use and down payment, the ratio guideline, and the residual-income table for this state’s VA region.
100% financing with full entitlement
The purchase leverage is 100% loan-to-value with full entitlement, which means 0% down on a home that appraises at the price; a price above the appraised value is paid in cash or renegotiated, and the guaranty covers the lender’s exposure.
No monthly premium, no upfront premium
A VA loan carries no mortgage insurance at full leverage, which FHA and conventional loans cannot say; the one-time funding fee, financed or paid at closing, is the program’s whole cost beyond the lender’s ordinary charges.
First use; 3.3% after first use; exempt for many disabled veterans
The funding fee is a one-time charge of 2.15% on a first-use purchase with less than five percent down and 3.3% on later uses; it drops with a larger down payment, can be financed into the loan, and is waived for the exempt groups listed below.
Residual income decides the file
Two tests, one guideline: the total-debt ratio is measured against 41%, and residual income is measured against the South table below for the household’s size. VA tells lenders the residual-income test carries more weight, which is why a modest ratio does not approve a thin budget.
| Loan type | Use | Down payment | Fee |
|---|---|---|---|
| Purchase or construction | First use | less than 5% down | 2.15% |
| Purchase or construction | First use | 5% to 9.99% down | 1.5% |
| Purchase or construction | First use | 10% or more down | 1.25% |
| Purchase or construction | After first use | less than 5% down | 3.3% |
| Purchase or construction | After first use | 5% to 9.99% down | 1.5% |
| Purchase or construction | After first use | 10% or more down | 1.25% |
| Cash-out refinance | First use | Any | 2.15% |
| Cash-out refinance | After first use | Any | 3.3% |
| IRRRL | Any | Any | 0.5% |
| Manufactured home (not permanently affixed) | Any | Any | 1% |
| Loan assumption | Any | Any | 0.5% |
| Vendee loan | Any | Any | 2.25% |
| Family size | Residual income |
|---|---|
| 1 | $441 |
| 2 | $738 |
| 3 | $889 |
| 4 | $1,003 |
| 5 | $1,039 |
| Each additional member, up to seven | + $80 |
Exempt from the funding fee: veterans receiving VA compensation for a service-connected disability, those eligible for it but receiving retirement or active-duty pay instead, surviving spouses receiving Dependency and Indemnity Compensation, service members with a pre-discharge claim rating, and active-duty service members who have received the Purple Heart. VA sets no minimum credit score; the wholesale programs behind these pages start at a 580 decision score and serve loan amounts up to $4,000,000, including loans above the conforming limit with full entitlement.
Refinances: cash-out to 100% loan-to-value after seasoning of 210 days and six payments with a net tangible benefit; rate-reduction refinances of an existing VA loan at a 0.5% fee without a VA appraisal. Current VA snapshot · updated October 1, 2026 · owner-occupied principal residences, one to four units · no VA loan limit with full entitlement · loans are assumable · no prepayment penalty · Lendmire is not affiliated with the Department of Veterans Affairs.
Informational only; not a commitment to lend, an approval, or a quote. Every figure on this page is a program parameter read from Lendmire’s guideline source, built on VA’s published rules, and may change without notice; eligibility, the loan amount, the fee, and the residual-income test depend on the Certificate of Eligibility, the credit profile, the property, and underwriting. Lendmire is a mortgage broker licensed in sixteen states for consumer mortgages and is not affiliated with the Department of Veterans Affairs. NMLS #2371349.
What a VA loan is — and how the file is qualified.
The difference between a VA loan and any other mortgage is who shares the risk. VA stands partly behind the lender, so the lender can lend the full value with no insurance premium and read the budget on residual income. Below, the four parts a Portsmouth buyer needs to understand.
For the program overview, see Lendmire’s VA loan program, or the statewide guide at VA Loans in Virginia; to request a Certificate of Eligibility, see VA.gov.
The guaranty replaces the down payment
Think of the guaranty as VA standing where the down payment would stand. With full entitlement the backing covers a quarter of whatever the loan is, so a Portsmouth buyer is not capped by a county figure; with reduced entitlement the backing is smaller, and a lender may ask for a down payment to make up the difference.
Eligibility, entitlement, and the COE
Entitlement is the share of the loan VA will back. It is full for a first use and for a veteran who has sold the earlier home and paid the loan off; it is partial when an earlier VA loan is still outstanding or was lost to foreclosure. A Portsmouth buyer with partial entitlement can still buy, often with a down payment on the uncovered portion.
The funding fee, and who is exempt
Veterans receiving VA compensation for a service-connected disability pay no funding fee, and neither do surviving spouses receiving Dependency and Indemnity Compensation, Purple Heart recipients on active duty, or those rated before discharge. On a Portsmouth file the exemption is confirmed on the COE and removes the funding fee, the program’s one charge of its own.
Residual income over ratios
Residual income depends on where the home is and how many people live in it: the tables differ by region, and the figure rises with each family member. The snapshot shows the regional table for Virginia, and the calculator estimates a rough residual from the income, the payment, and the debts you enter for a Portsmouth scenario.
The calculator turns this arithmetic into a Portsmouth scenario: price in, down payment in, fee tier chosen, and out come the funding fee, the total loan, principal and interest, and the escrows. Add income and family size to see the ratio and a rough residual against VA’s table.
Where Portsmouth’s veterans and service members buy — and how VA fits.
Residual income is measured against a real payment on a real Portsmouth price, so the market matters before the file does. The Census figures below describe that market: ownership, home values, and household income.
Citywide figures provide general market context, not an appraisal or an income calculation. Income is the residual-income input, value is the loan and the fee, and family size is the row in VA’s table. The Census describes the first two for the market; the file supplies all three for the borrower.
Data sources: U.S. Census Bureau — ACS 5-Year (2024) housing and population estimates, including tenure, home values, gross rents, and household income.
Distinct Portsmouth neighborhoods, distinct VA files.
A Portsmouth condominium, a half-century-old family home, and a new subdivision house are three different VA files: different project approvals, different property findings, different funding fees in dollars. The six submarkets below show the range.
Service members and the occupancy rule
Where Portsmouth neighborhoods serve an installation, VA purchases appear on every street, often by service members who will move again. The program is built for that: nothing down, a loan that can be assumed, and entitlement restored when the home is sold and the loan repaid. Portsmouth is home to about 97K people and sits within the Virginia Beach-Chesapeake-Norfolk, VA-NC area.
Established close-in neighborhoods
An older Portsmouth house is a fine VA purchase; the property requirements are the hurdle, not the age. Buyers who expect a repair list write the contract with room for it, and a wood-destroying insect inspection is ordered where VA calls for one. On a home at Portsmouth’s median value, a VA purchase with full entitlement needs no down payment at all — the funding fee on the full $246,900 is the program’s cost, and it can be financed.
Two-to-four-unit homes
The small multi-unit Portsmouth purchase is where VA’s leverage goes furthest: no down payment on two to four units, the buyer living in one, and the documented rent from the others helping the ratios and the residual income. About 42% of Portsmouth’s households rent — roughly 16,944 renter households on the latest Census estimate.
Newer infill and recent construction
New rows and recent infill in Portsmouth tend to appraise without findings, which moves the question to price. With full entitlement there is no loan limit, so a contract above the county conforming figure is still a nothing-down VA purchase, tested on residual income at that payment. Median household income in Portsmouth sits near $60,491 on the latest Census estimate.
Condominiums and townhomes
A VA-approved Portsmouth project turns a condominium into a routine file. The buyer’s side does not change; the lender confirms the project before ordering the appraisal, which is the step that saves a contract from a dead end. Roughly 23,344 Portsmouth households own their homes on the latest Census estimate — 58% of all households, the pool a VA purchase joins.
Higher-value homes
On Portsmouth’s higher-value homes the VA loan’s reach shows: with full entitlement there is no down payment above the conforming limit, up to the maximum loan amount shown in the guidelines above. The credit floor is the lender overlay, and the file is qualified on residual income. The median owner-occupied home value in Portsmouth runs near $246,900 on the latest Census estimate.
Across all of Portsmouth, five questions settle a VA loan: what the appraiser finds, whether the property meets VA’s standards, whether the veteran will occupy it, what the certificate says about entitlement, and what residual income supports.
Four ways Portsmouth veterans put the VA benefit to work.
VA is more than a first-purchase program: it refinances, it takes cash out, it finances small multi-unit homes, it buys condominiums in approved projects, and it reaches above the conforming limit with full entitlement. The cards below take up the uses that bring Portsmouth veterans to it most often.
Buy a condominium in an approved project
VA keeps its own list of approved condominium projects, and a Portsmouth unit in one of them is financed like a house with the association’s dues added to the ratios and the residual-income math. The appraisal covers the project as well as the unit.
Take cash out of a home with equity
The cash-out refinance replaces the Portsmouth home’s first mortgage with a larger VA loan and hands over the difference, to the program’s leverage and after seasoning; it is also the route for refinancing a non-VA loan into the program, and a loan officer compares it with a second-lien option before recommending either.
Buy above the conforming limit
The VA jumbo is the program’s quiet strength in Portsmouth: no down payment and no mortgage insurance on a loan above the conforming limit, qualified on residual income like any other VA file, with a credit floor set by the wholesale overlay rather than by VA.
Refinance an existing VA loan
An existing VA loan in Portsmouth can be refinanced on its own record: the IRRRL skips the appraisal and most of the documentation, carries the smallest funding fee in the program, and must leave the borrower better off under VA’s net tangible benefit rules.
Estimate the VA payment on a Portsmouth price before requesting a quote.
Enter a Portsmouth price, any down payment, and the funding fee tier, choose a term, and the calculator returns the base loan, the fee financed, the total loan, principal and interest, taxes and insurance, and, with income and family size entered, the ratio and a rough residual income against VA’s table. The rate field holds the weekly Freddie Mac benchmark as a market reference, never a VA quote.
Portsmouth VA payment estimate
The starting figures are a typical Portsmouth price with nothing down and a first-use fee. Replace them with yours.
Editable benchmark: 7.28% as of October 1, 2026 · Freddie Mac 30-year average via FRED®. A conventional market reference, not a VA loan quote.
Illustrative starting assumptions: a $245,000 price near Portsmouth’s median owner-occupied home value, no down payment with full entitlement, a first-use funding fee financed into the loan, a thirty-year term at the current Freddie Mac benchmark, property taxes and insurance estimated for Virginia (U.S. Census Bureau). Every field is editable.
Illustrative estimate only — not a Loan Estimate, approval, quote, or commitment to lend. The rate field carries the weekly Freddie Mac thirty-year conventional benchmark, a market reference and not a VA loan quote; your rate is set by the lender at lock. The funding fee follows VA’s published table for the use and down payment entered; the residual-income figure is VA’s guideline for the region and family size, and the rough residual shown subtracts only the housing payment and the debts entered, while VA also deducts taxes, maintenance and utilities. Taxes, insurance and dues are editable estimates; closing costs are not included. Licensed in sixteen states for consumer mortgages. Lendmire is not affiliated with or acting on behalf of the Department of Veterans Affairs.
Same veteran, three very different closings.
Choosing among VA, FHA, and conventional in Portsmouth is really choosing an insurance structure and a down payment at the same time. Each is laid out below with the buyer it fits.
VA, FHA, or conventional.
VA fits nearly every Portsmouth buyer who holds eligibility: the leverage is complete, there is no insurance line in the payment, and the fee is paid once. Partial entitlement, a property that fails VA’s standards, or a fee tier that outweighs a short hold are the cases where another program competes.
FHA’s leverage is high and its credit standard is forgiving, but its insurance never comes off a full-leverage thirty-year loan. A Portsmouth veteran comparing the two sees the premium line in the FHA payment and nothing in that line on VA. See Lendmire’s FHA loan program.
Conventional is the comparison for a veteran with savings: with twenty percent down there is no mortgage insurance and no funding fee, and the payment can beat VA with a financed fee. Below that down payment, VA usually wins for a Portsmouth buyer. See Lendmire’s conventional loan program.
Choose by profile: eligibility with full entitlement points to VA; no eligibility and a small down payment point to FHA; a large down payment and a strong score point to conventional. A Portsmouth loan officer runs all three on the same numbers before recommending one.
What to prepare for a Portsmouth scenario review.
What a lender reads on a Portsmouth VA loan, and what you can have ready before anyone asks.
This is a general preparation guide, not a universal checklist. The selected lender may request additional information based on the transaction, the property, entitlement, and the income picture. Nothing here is legal or tax advice.
Local details that can change the loan.
What moves a Portsmouth file most often: entitlement, the funding fee and its exemptions, the appraisal and the Notice of Value, the project approval, residual income, seasoning after a credit event, and occupancy.
Use these checks to keep the Portsmouth file clean and fundable.
A Portsmouth file that is ready to review has already answered three questions: how much entitlement, what funding fee, and whether the property is inside VA’s rules.
- Confirm the entitlement: entitlement is restored once the earlier loan is paid off and the home sold.
- Know the fee: disabled veterans receiving compensation and the other exempt groups pay no fee.
- Mind the residual: a ratio above the guideline needs residual income well above the table.
Full or remaining entitlement
Entitlement is full on a first use, and it is restored when an earlier VA loan is paid off and the home sold; it is partial when an earlier VA loan is still outstanding or was lost to foreclosure. A Portsmouth buyer with full entitlement has no loan limit; with remaining entitlement, the lender may require a down payment.
The funding fee tier and the exemptions
Financed, the fee raises the loan balance and the payment; paid at closing, it raises the cash to close; paid by the seller, it counts toward the concessions cap. Which is best on a Portsmouth file depends on the tier and on how long the home will be kept, and the loan officer shows all three ways side by side.
Residual income and the ratio guideline
The ratio VA names is a guideline and the residual-income table is the standard, which is why a thin budget can be declined under the ratio and a wide one approved above it. A Portsmouth family with child-care costs or support orders should count them early; both reduce residual income.
Seller concessions and the fees a veteran may not pay
VA caps seller concessions as a share of the value: prepaid items, the funding fee, and payoff of a buyer’s debts count toward the cap, while ordinary closing costs the seller agrees to pay do not. A Portsmouth contract that uses the cap well can leave the buyer with little cash to close beyond the deposit already paid.
Assumption and release of liability
A VA loan can be assumed by a qualified buyer, veteran or not, with the lender’s approval, which can be a selling point for a Portsmouth home when rates have risen. The seller should obtain a release of liability, and entitlement stays tied to the loan unless the assuming buyer is a veteran who substitutes their own.
From a Portsmouth Certificate of Eligibility to keys in hand.
Four steps: the certificate and pre-approval, the appraisal, the underwriting, and the closing. The Portsmouth version of each follows.
COE and pre-approval
The first conversation settles the shape: whether entitlement is full, whether the fee applies, what residual income supports, and whether VA is the right program next to FHA and conventional for the Portsmouth purchase. The lender can pull the COE directly.
Contract and appraisal
With the contract signed, the lender requests a VA-assigned appraiser, who values the Portsmouth home and checks it against VA’s property requirements; the Notice of Value is issued on the report. Seller concessions are checked against VA’s cap, and any condominium project approval is confirmed.
Underwriting
An automated approval still runs the residual-income test; a manual file is read against the guideline and the table. Either way, the Portsmouth underwriter verifies the income, the assets, the credit history, and the property, and issues the approval with its conditions.
Closing
At closing the funding fee is added to the loan or paid, the escrows for taxes and insurance are set up, and there is no mortgage insurance to begin. A Portsmouth buyer signs the note and the security instrument, certifies occupancy, and VA’s guaranty attaches to the loan.
A brokerage that puts the benefit to work.
A single lender recommends its own program; a brokerage with several wholesale programs and all three routes can say which one actually costs a Portsmouth veteran less, and show the arithmetic.
Three programs, one set of numbers
Before any recommendation, VA, FHA, and conventional are run on the same Portsmouth price, income, and down payment. The buyer sees the payment, the insurance or fee line, and the cash to close for each, and the choice follows the figures.
The fee and the entitlement explained before the offer
The fee is the program’s cost and the entitlement is its reach, and Lendmire explains both first rather than last: how much the fee is, whether it is waived or refundable, and what the certificate supports for a Portsmouth buyer at the price in hand.
Licensed, consumer-purpose, in writing
Lendmire carries the license for the state the Portsmouth home is in, delivers the disclosures a consumer mortgage requires, and commits the terms to paper. The program figures on this page are read from one guideline source built on VA’s published rules.
Trusted by veterans & families alike.
Portsmouth VA loan FAQs
The questions below come up on nearly every Portsmouth VA conversation. The answers are general; the figures in the snapshot above are the program’s current parameters.
What is a VA loan, and who is it for?
A VA loan is a mortgage from a private lender with a partial guaranty from the Department of Veterans Affairs: VA backs a share of the loan, and in exchange the program allows no down payment with full entitlement, no monthly mortgage insurance, a residual-income test, and a cap on the fees a veteran can be charged. It is for veterans, service members, National Guard and Reserve members, and eligible surviving spouses buying a principal residence in Portsmouth.
Who is eligible for a VA loan in Portsmouth?
Veterans and service members who meet VA’s minimum service requirements with a character of discharge VA accepts, National Guard and Reserve members with qualifying active service or six creditable years, and surviving spouses of service members who died in service or from a service-connected disability, or who are receiving Dependency and Indemnity Compensation. VA confirms it on the Certificate of Eligibility.
How do I get a Certificate of Eligibility?
Online at VA.gov, through the lender, or by mail. Have the service documents ready: the DD-214 for a veteran, a statement of service for a service member, Guard or Reserve records, or the spouse’s documentation. Some certificates issue instantly and some need VA to review the record.
What is the VA funding fee, and do I have to pay it?
It depends on your status. Disabled veterans receiving compensation and the other exempt groups pay no fee; other borrowers pay the tier in the snapshot, which is lower on a first use and with a larger down payment. Most Portsmouth buyers finance it rather than pay cash.
Is there a VA loan limit in Portsmouth?
No limit with full entitlement, which is why a VA jumbo with nothing down exists. Partial entitlement brings the county conforming figure into the math; the loan officer confirms the current figure and the down payment it implies.
Can I buy a duplex or fourplex with a VA loan?
VA finances owner-occupied two- to four-unit homes. A Portsmouth buyer lives in one unit, the rent from the others counts as VA allows, and the residual-income test runs on the combined picture.
What is residual income, and why does it matter?
The dollars remaining after housing, debts, taxes, and upkeep, compared with a table by region and family size. It decides the close calls: a file above the ratio guideline can pass on strong residual income, and a file inside the guideline can fail on weak residual income.
What happens after my Portsmouth offer is accepted?
The file moves into appraisal and underwriting, and the calendar is set by the appraisal, any repairs it requires, and the conditions the underwriter adds. No page can promise a date, and this one does not.
Can I use a VA loan to buy a condominium?
Yes, with one extra step: the project review against VA’s list. Approved projects close on the ordinary file; a Portsmouth project not yet approved can be submitted, which takes time and the association’s cooperation.
How does a VA refinance work?
VA refinances come in two shapes, and the funding fee applies to each unless the veteran is exempt. A Portsmouth owner with an existing VA loan usually starts with the IRRRL; an owner taking cash out needs the seasoning period and the program’s cash-out leverage.
A Portsmouth VA purchase, from the certificate to the closing table.
A Portsmouth VA purchase starts with three questions: eligibility, the fee, and the price. Lendmire answers them, compares the programs, and writes up the one that fits.
This guide covers Portsmouth — for the statewide guidelines, markets, and scenarios, see VA Loans in Virginia, part of Lendmire’s VA loan program.
Nearby markets in Virginia: Norfolk · Chesapeake · Hampton · Newport News · Virginia Beach · Suffolk · Cape Charles · Williamsburg
Related programs: Conventional Loans · FHA Loans · Jumbo Loans